October 28, 2018 By Denis Oakley

Rent the Runway Business Model Canvas

In this article, I describe Rent The Runway Business Model Canvas and how they effectively solve their customer’s problems to make money. I also look at the infrastructure that Rent The Runway requires to create and deliver this value

Customers

Rent the Runway ( RTR) targets middle-aged affluent women in US coastal cities. The women are typically between 25 and 50 and have well paid professional jobs in cities like New York, Washington or San Francisco.

This customer segment was targeted because they spend a lot of clothes, Jennifer Hyman the founder of RTR mentioned spending $2,000 on a dress that she wore once. For women, far more than for men clothing is an expression of self, of identity and this creates a deep emotional bond with what they wear.

The RTR business model creates value for its customers in several areas. The customers work, often long hours, and despite being well paid live in a highly consumerist society. There is always more that they want to buy, and this exerts great pressure on their wallets.

The dresses are also strong symbols of status and traditionally they have been a Veblen good with the price being an indication of both status and quality.

Value Proposition

The value that Rent the Runways creates renting out Veblen gods is threefold. First, it gives customers access to top brands, or status symbols, at a discount. Second, it allows customers to be consumerist and shop frequently without suffering buyer’s remorse. Finally, it allows customers to spend less time shopping.

The core part of the value proposition is the rental of dresses. The customer who invests in a monthly subscription gets to wear dresses that are valued at more than 10x the value of the subscription. For example, a monthly subscription of $150 allows four $500 dresses to be rented at once. The customer saves significantly on the purchase price by renting.

This works because novelty is a key aspect of female fashion (witness the success of Zara which has focused on the fast production and distribution of clothing lines within a season) and items will often be only worn a few times before their value to the user decreases dramatically. Unlike a house which has a continuing and consistent value, a dress has a significantly shorter half-life.

For RTR this is exploited so that instead of an item being worm 3 – 5 times over 3 months (a 3% utilisation rate) the item is rented 150 times a year (41% utilisation rate – or 60% once weekends are excluded). RTR makes its margin by exploiting the arbitrage between these two utilisation rates.

Buyers Remorse

Buyer’s remorse is a key issue in consumer purchases, especially for big-ticket items. Consumers consider the opportunity cost of the purchase once the dopamine hit of the purchase decision has subsided and frequently regret their decision especially for big-ticket items like expensive dresses.

What RTR does is to make the buyer’s remorse irrelevant. It does this by reducing the cost and psychological impact of any decision. Decisions made with a subscription have already been paid for. They are also not permanent because the dress will be returned. As a result, ‘buying’ becomes far easier once these objections are removed.

[It’s worth noting that Amazon handles buyer’s remorse in quite a different way – it makes it really easy to return items]

Finally, because the financial and ownership consequences of the decision are reduced significantly customers must invest far less time in making the decision. If the decision is wrong the cost is several tens of dollars. It is not hundreds or thousands of dollars. This enables impulse decision making with confidence. As a result, customers of RTR can make significant time savings – up to 68% of customers claim that they shop less as a result.

This also helps RTR disrupt the traditional B2C shopping process. Because the decision has far less cost and consequence it is likely that the user journey from item to completed purchase is far faster than for traditional eCommerce stores or traditional retailers. The abandonment rate is likely to be lower as well.

Marketing & Distribution Channels

Rent the Runway is primarily an internet-based operation. Most rentals take place via its website. This is also the first place that customers interact with it. It also has a smartphone app and five stores. These are in the big coastal cities – where there are dense populations of its affluent customers. Whilst these stores are expensive they act as both brand ambassadors and market expanders for women who are not confident ordering online. They only serve a fraction of RTR’s 6 million customers.

Word of mouth and PR are the other major marketing channels.

Customer Relations

If you look at RTR’s website there is no ability to interact with the company via email, phone or chat. You can go to a shop or you can make an order. Customer service is limited to customers with orders or subscriptions. The low-cost insurance that RTR offers is a way of driving down the number of customer interactions enabling this to be a very low-cost part of the operation.

This provides an advantage against traditional and e-commerce retailers who have to invest significantly more in staff to handle customer service because choices and responses are far less constrained.

Revenue

The RTR business model has three revenue streams

Rental
Insurance & late charges
Sale of dresses

The major revenue streams for RTR the rental of dresses. These are either done on a piecemeal basis or part of a subscription package. The date rental is more seasonal – peaking at times of the year such as Christmas and Eid when people dress up more. In contrast, the subscription model provides steady cash flow throughout the year, allowing greater stock levels to be carried.

RTR also offers insurance and charges late fees. Whilst these generate cash they are part of RTR’s process design. What they do is influence customer behaviour to increase operational efficiency. The insurance charge means that almost no time must be spent in the discussion if clothing is damaged. That reduces the number of Customer Service agents and decreases the conflict that could reduce retention rates, thus increasing the lifetime value of the customer.

Finally, old dresses are sold off. Any sale at this point will be pure profit as the rental will have covered the purchase and operational costs several times over.

Key Resources

The key resources that RTR has are its stock and the services that let it refurbish dress and get them back out to customers as quickly as possible. As a result, it has invested significantly in dry cleaning and in-house refurbishment to maximise utilisation rates. However, it has taken the decision to outsource its logistics to UPS an area where the company has decided not to build a core competence.

Key Activities

Whilst customer service and platform development are important the key activity in the business model that RTR undertakes is sourcing the clothes that it will offer. These need to be both attractive and robust enough to keep looking good after multiple short-term rentals. The first activity maximizes conversions on the website, whilst the second maximizes the ROI on the investment in the item.

Key Partners

RTR’s key partners are UPS which provides all the logistics. By using a single partner RTR is able to build a robust process that limits the time that SKUs are in transit and thus not available for rental. It also has partnerships with hundreds of fashion brands. Whist, it’s purchasing power gives it advantage suppliers also get a much wider brand presence in key markets which results in increased awareness and possibly sales.

Costs in the RTR Business MOdel

The largest costs in the business will be the inventory purchase and its maintenance. At $10 per item at retail rates, almost 30% of the top subscription package’ revenue could be eaten up before other variable costs are considered. With sales now at $100 million platform development is unlikely to be a significant cost though there will be ongoing efforts to resolve legacy code.

September 13, 2018 By Denis Oakley

What is the Apple Business Model Canvas?

What is Apple’s business model? In this video, I describe how Apple makes money by working through all 9 components of Apple’s business model canvas.

Apple creates consumer electronic products that have amazing design and usability and bundles them with software products to lock consumers in. Because they are so attractive they deliver great status and productivity to users leading to a premium price.

Customer Segments in the Apple Business Model

Apple’s business model targets mass-market consumers. That is hundreds of millions of consumers. They may be middle class and fairly affluent. It may be marketed as a premium product but it is a mass-market electronic good.

There are smaller customer segments that it focuses on for non-handheld products. Designers and entrepreneurs both use and love Mac products but in 2019 this is a relatively small proportion of Apple’s revenue.

In the tables below Apple’s customer segments are broken down across a number of different measures, geographic, demographic, behavioural and psychographic

Apple’s Customer Segmentation – Geographic

Segmentation	Devices	Services	OS	Accessories
Region	US and international	US and international	US and international	US and international
Density	Urban	Urban	Urban	Urban

Adapted from an Article by John Dudovskiy at Research Methodology

Apple’s Customer Segmentation – Demographic

Segmentation	Devices	Services	OS	Accessories
Age	20 – 45	18 – 30	20 – 35	20 – 45
Gender	Males & Females	Males & Females	Males & Females	Males & Females
Life-cycle stage	Bachelor Stage	Bachelor Stage	Bachelor Stage	Bachelor Stage
	Newly Married Couples	Newly Married Couples	Newly Married Couples	Newly Married Couples
	Full Nest I			Full Nest I
	Full Nest II			Full Nest II
Income	High earners	High earners	High earners	High earners
Occupation	Professionals, managers and executives	Students, Professionals, managers	Professionals, managers and executives	Professionals, managers

Adapted from an Article by John Dudovskiy at Research Methodology

Apple’s Customer Segmentation – Behavioural

Segmentation	Devices	Services	OS	Accessories
Degree of loyalty	‘Hard core loyals’	‘Hard core loyals’	‘Hard core loyals’	‘Hard core loyals’
	‘Switchers’	‘Switchers’	‘Switchers’	‘Switchers’
Benefits sought	Sense of achievement and belonging	Speed of service	Efficiency	Recreation
	Self-expression	Efficiency	Speed of service	Self-expression
	Speed of service, advanced features and capabilities
Personality	Determined & ambitious	Determined & ambitious	Determined & ambitious	Determined & ambitious
User status	Non-users, potential users	Users Non-users, potential users	Users Non-users, potential users	Non-users, potential users

Adapted from an Article by John Dudovskiy at Research Methodology

Apple’s Customer Segmentation – Psychographic

Segmentation	Devices	Services	OS	Accessories
Social class	Middle and upper classes	Middle and upper classes	Middle and upper classes	Upper class
Lifestyle	Resigned Aspirer Succeeder	Aspirer Succeeder Explorer	Aspirer Succeeder Explorer	Aspirer Explorer

Adapted from an Article by John Dudovskiy at Research Methodology

Value Proposition

The Apple Value Proposition revolves around three core concepts.

Think Different
Tech That Works
Your Privacy is Safe with Us

Think Different

“Think different” sets Apple apart. In the years since the original advert, shown below, it has developed into a philosophy that spawned the design style

The value proposition is that Apple is for the people who Think Differently, who see the world differently, who change it. Creatives, Entrepreneurs and Hipsters.

Their Apple devices are a way of letting them make their statement about who they are and what they are doing. The design, which many people say is important, is an outward and visible sign of the value proposition. Not the value proposition itself

Tech that Works

Living in a Microsoft environment before I got my first iPhone I remember how difficult it was to get things to work. It took me a day once to install a printer for an insurance company. I spent hours trying to get music onto my Creative music player. Technology promised lots of gains, but you had to put the hours in to get the technology to work to get those gains.

What Apple brought, brings, to the table, is technology that is seamless and integrated. Play around with Google for a while and you quickly discover that their products aren’t really integrated. Google Plus is dead but I still had to go somewhere that looked a lot like Google Plus to change my YouTube channel name today. Microsoft Windows has a UI that is half sleek and modern, and then suddenly jumps you back 20 years due to legacy coding issues.

The Apple business model is in large part the experience of using Apple products. Google’s is to consume advertising – which is why the experience isn’t nearly so good.

This is a major differentiation between it and it’s Android competitors. Apple controls the software, the hardware and the content. This means that it is able to finely tune the experience that users have.

In contrast, Samsung and other users of Android OS have to face the fact that they control the hardware, have some control over the version of Android that they use and have little control over the apps on the Play Store. This results in a far less joined up, or easy, experience for users.

Because Apple is the only company able to offer this it is major support for the premium that it is able to charge.

Your Privacy is Safe with Us

Apple sells Software and Hardware. It doesn’t sell advertising or make a market in data. It also builds all of its products into a single consistent eco-system or walled garden.

Once you are in you are safe. You stay safe. Apple doesn’t take your data. Apple makes sure that no one else takes your data unless you explicitly give them permission to do so.

This creates a core value proposition that separates them from Google. Google’s whole business model is based on taking your data and selling it to other people.

We can break these down into a number of smaller value propositions which Apple delivers to customers through its hardware and software products

Sense of Achievement

For many, there is a sense of achievement in getting an Apple Phone. When billions have a $50 smartphone being able to afford a phone that can cost over $1,000 is important. This is especially so for those who started off with an Android phone and were able to, through hard work or endeavour, to be able to achieve one. It’s a visible mark of success and is treated as such.

Self Expression

The self-expression component of Apple’s value proposition is an identification of the user with Apple’s brand values. Having an Apple product makes you hip, cool, an entrepreneur, creative, individual, someone who thinks different, successful. Any of the or all of these may apply to particular individuals. Invariably, individuals use Apple products to show to the world that these are important truths about them

Speed of Service

Speed of service is an important value proposition for Apple’s customers. This is not really about how fast your new Apple phone is delivered. It’s about how fast you can set it up and start using it. It’s about how quickly you can learn to use it. It’s about how smoothly the product has an impact on what is important in your life and how it makes you more efficient and effective.

“I waste less time trying to do stuff now that I have an Apple”

Efficiency

Muda (Hugo Tschirky 2017) — via Better Operations

The efficiency component is deeply related to Apple’s speed of service value proposition. It’s not about the tech. Apple is notoriously behind many other hardware manufacturers in its tech.

It’s about how the tech interacts with your life. Is there friction between the tech and you? If there is then the technology is not really delivering the value that the hardware claims. This is a big part of ‘design’. It’s about ergonomics and usability. It’s stripping waste, or muda, out of every customer interaction. Those milliseconds and seconds stack up to a far more efficient customer experience

Advanced Features & Capabilities

This is all the cool tech stuff. Retina displays. Multiple Cameras. Fingerprint sensors. They are important but other manufacturers have them – and often better

So despite Apple entering the smartphone and tablet categories first, it is happier to be a fast second. The value proposition is a hygiene factor. Not a critical success factor.

Recreation

Finally recreation. People play lots of games on Apple devices. They watch lots of videos. But the consumers who buy them are predominantly wealth successful business people.

Recreation on Apple devices is a much lower importance value proposition for many of them. For example, I have Netflix on my iPhone, no games and almost every app contributes to me doing my job better.

Recreation is a part, but not a key part of Apple's value proposition — Recreation is a part, but not a key part of Apple’s value proposition

Apple Products

Apple has four groups of products

Devices
Services
Operating Systems
Accessories

Devices

iPhone smartphone
iPad tablet computer
Mac personal computer
iPod portable media player

Services

App Store
iTunes
Apple Music
Safari

Operating Systems

Mac OS
iOS

Accessories

Airpods – wireless headphones
Apple Watch – Smartwatch
AppleTV – digital Media player
HomePod – smart speaker

Image result for apple revenue by product 2019"

Distribution Channels

Apple uses a number of powerful promotional channels in the Apple business model, several of which have now been copied so much that they no longer differentiate Apple. These include the packaging of Apple products and the genius bar layout of apple stores.

These include:

Apple Stores
Apple’s websites
Third Party Stores
Telecom Companies

Apple Stores make a statement in a way that their competitors do not

Vs

Apple also controls the distribution of its products through its own website

Third-party stores have their brand and image tightly controlled so that they support the Apple brand.

Image result for machines malaysia" — A 3rd Party Apple Store in Malaysia

Finally, Apple phones and tablets are sold through telecoms companies – bundled with the SIM and data required to make the most out of the device.

What is the Apple Business Model Canvas?

Marketing Channels

Apple generates an immense amount of PR and this is supported by strong brand awareness campaigns ‘shot with iPhone’ is a classic and long-running campaign.

Advertising as part of Apple's Business Model — Copyright Apple

Just as importantly – more so even – is the word of mouth. Because of the importance of self-expression and achievement in Apple’s value proposition users need and want to talk about their ownership of an Apple product.

If no one knows that they own an Apple device then they don’t get as much benefit from it. So they talk and often evangelise.

The final component of Apple’s word of mouth is the importance of groups.

“People like us do things like this”
Seth Godin – Marketing Guru

Creatives, entrepreneurs, hipsters and business people have all adopted Apple products as part of their definition of group membership.

You can’t really be a ‘proper’ designer unless you use an Apple product. This isn’t true, but to members of a group, and especially to aspiring members of a group it can seem so.

Customer Relationships

With over 1.6 billion devices sold Apple is a mass-market consumer company by any definition.

Apple has a number of channels where they manage customer relationships

Genius Bar

Telephone Customer Support

Image result for apple customer support"

Chat and Online Customer Support

These are all great and are typically much better than competitors. Staff are onshore, rather than offshore, and as can be seen often match the demographics of target customers. Compare this to a lowest cost outsourced customer service department at Verizon.

However what makes the biggest difference in Apple’s customer relationships are:

Design
Evangelists

The evangelists have been mentioned in the section on Marketing Channels. They provide a similar service in the customer relationships – advocating for Apple, as unpaid salespeople. They will often also provide a front line level of support for other users.

Design is critical. Because Apple is a product-led company – they focus on building great products and expect success and scale to be based on the product – a great deal of the need for customer support is designed out.

In many ways, customer support, an important part of customer relationships in the business model canvas, is a failure of product design. Consumers contact support when something goes wrong. If you can design out failures…. then you need far less customer support.

Revenue in Apple’s Business Model

Apple’s business model is hugely cash generative. It makes more profits and has a stronger cash flow than Amazon, Google and Facebook combined.

Apple’s $60B of TTM operating income was nearly 50% more than the combined operating income of Alphabet ($24B), Facebook ($15), and Amazon ($3B).
Above Avalon

So what does Apple sell? How does Apple monetise its business model?

Products

iPhone
Mac
iPod
Apple Watch
Apple TV

Services

iTunes Store,
iCloud,
Apple Music
ApplePay
iBooks

Software

Garage Band
iWork

Warranties

AppleCare

Almost all of those are large enough to be a large company in their own right.

Key Resources in the Apple Business Model

The most important key resources in the Apple Business model are:

Product First Design Philosophy
Supply Chain
Walled Garden

Apple’s Product First Design Philosophy

If you look at Apple’s products you will find that they are often not better, on a technical sense

If you look at Apple’s products you will find that they are often not better, on a technical sense than its competitors. They are also priced similarly to the competitors’ premium products.

Apple, despite this, manages to extract far more profit from its products and services than its competitors.

This is a key feature of the Apple business model. When you charge the same price for a similar service and make a lot more money from it something must be going on under the hood.

The difference is Apple’s Product First Design philosophy.

This starts from the premise that they are going to make the best possible product for their market segment. Unlike competitors, they don’t initially think about scale and volume.

The focus is on how to make a product that will delight and inspire its users.

Those are the design constraints. Most other companies use budget and manufacturability as design constraints.

For them, a functional product is good enough. Customers understand that it is a functional product and treat it as one. In contrast, Apple’s focus is on creating a product that excels.

This is captured in their core values

We believe that we’re on the face of the Earth to make great products.
We believe in the simple, not the complex.
We believe that we need to own and control the primary technologies behind the products we make.
We participate only in markets where we can make a significant contribution.
We believe in saying no to thousands of projects so that we can really focus on the few that are truly important and meaningful to us.
We believe in deep collaboration and cross-pollination of our groups, which allow us to innovate in a way that others cannot.
We don’t settle for anything less than excellence in every group in the company, and we have the self-honesty to admit when we’re wrong and the courage to change.

The result of this is that Apple’s business model creates products that work well. I mean well on a very deep level. They are hard to design, easy to manufacture and easy to use.

There is a significant amount of risk in doing this. If their idea of a product is wrong, if it doesn’t gel with the times, then they could lose a lot of money.

It’s a philosophy of perfection and, after their market entries, means that they will rarely be at the forefront of technology.

Design perfection means that they take longer to bring products to market. If they didn’t then they would lose the ease of use and many of the subtle components of the value proposition that makes the Apple business model so successful.

This key resource is composed of hugely talented people and a number of research and development labs working to bring products and services to fruition.

Supply Chain

The second key resource that Apple has is its supply chain. In some ways, this is a misnomer as Apple, as part of the design of its business model, has positioned itself as a designer of products

It has decided to buy the manufacturing of its products as a key resource delivered by key partners (ie Foxconn) rather than make them itself.

Foxconn is a key partner in the Apple Business Model — Foxconn is a key partner in the Apple Busines Model

In contrast, many computer hardware manufacturers are, well, computer hardware manufacturers.

They have to spend a great deal of cash building and running factories, and then even more time focusing on the management of their supply chain to make sure that it works efficiently.

Imagine we have a management team that has a limited amount of time and attention.

It can decide to spend some of its time on manufacturing and some on design. That’s what most companies do. They produce good products as a result.

What Apple does in its business model is to focus ‘all’ its time on design. It then gets Foxconn to spend ‘all’ its time on manufacturing and supply chain.

As a result, it gets far better outcomes in both design and manufacturing than other computer hardware manufacturers do.

This also nicely ties in with the design focus of Apple’s business model.

Much of the visible design is focused on the consumer experience. A great deal of the invisible design is focused on the manufacturability of the product.

Because Apple gives another party critical control over a key part of its business model there is a huge risk of things going wrong.

The manufacturing design, done in Cupertino, work hard to design out as many faults as possible in the product. They are easier to manufacture as a result, and this, in turn, reduces the number of issues of product failure and reduces the need for customer support.

The Walled Garden

The final resource that the Apple Business Model has is the walled garden. This could also be called the Apple Ecosystem

Everything works smoothly together.

This delivers a key part of Apple’s value proposition. It’s easy, unlike Windows or Android

If we look back into history Microsoft Windows created a platform that worked with any piece of hardware and allowed almost any software to run on it.

The operating system was the middleware that allowed everything to happen. The problem was that hardware designers and software developers cared only about their own products and didn’t often follow standards.

That meant that Windows was often a frustrating product to use as software and devices didn’t work, couldn’t be installed easily or crashed with the famous blue screen of death

Apple's business model works better than Microsoft's blue screen of death — Apple’s business model works better than Microsoft’s blue screen of death

Apple in an attempt to differentiate itself from Microsoft kept tight control of the ecosystem – perhaps because early users were creatives and not good at IT (Slanderous assertion I know) – and ensured it was user-friendly in a way that Microsoft did not.

This was rolled over into the Apple Store when the first iPods and iPhones were released. It then became an increasing part of the Apple experience. Everything played nicely together.

That then provided additional benefits.

Because Apple made its money from hardware sales it has no need to mine customer data and sell it to other people.

Apple can give users privacy. It also provides them with safety and security from many of the threats on the internet.

Finally, the more Apple products you use the greater the synergy you have. With each product, you add you get fewer irritations and hitches in your electronic life.

Key Activities in the Apple Business Model

Apple has two key activities in its business model. The first is the design. The second is branding.

We’ve spoken a great deal about design already, so I won’t go into too much detail there.

Why did I talk about branding being a key activity rather than marketing?

Apple is fundamentally about associating their products and services with emotional feelings in its users.

Apple wants its users to feel successful. Apple wants them to feel that they have achieved. It wants them to feel different. It wants them to be special

This is not something that can be done with traditional feature-based product marketing.

Branding thus connects people who want to be a ‘Mac’ and creates the need to buy the product in them.

It is all about who they can be and the lifestyle that they will become part of if only they buy into the Apple lifestyle.

Branding also works well because Apple controls a big chunk of its direct distribution channels – the Apple Stores.

Key Partnerships in Apple’s Business Model

There are two groups of key partners in the Apple business model.

These are the:

Contract manufacturers
Telecoms companies

Telecoms Companies in the Apple Business Model

Whilst Apple does have 500 shops worldwide this is a small number compared to the shops of other mobile phone companies, telecoms companies and resellers.

Expanding this network to enable everyone who wants to buy a phone would be cost prohibitive.

Apple’s key sales channel is selling phones through telecoms companies. They bundle the Apple iPhone with a subscription and let consumers pay for the phone over a couple of years. They provide the consumer financing that lets many people afford an expensive phone.

Apple outsource sales to the phone companies and uses their distribution networks and million of direct customers to achieve scale far faster than it could through its own store and website distribution service.

Contract Manufactures

Apple made the decision to buy manufacturing services rather than making its own. It derisked this by focusing on its design and quality control. As a result it freed up a huge amount of cash on its balance sheet.

It thought, correctly, that by using a manufacturer that it had a deep long term relationship with that it could get lower prices, a lower cost per unit, than if it ran factories itself.

Costs in the Apple Business Model

Apple employs some of the most expensive designers in the world in one of the most expensive locations in the world.

Equally, it spends a great deal on branding and on sourcing high-quality components.

Does it make sense then to say that Apple is a cost-driven company?

I think it does.

The expensive designers mean that Apple’s products hit the value proposition sweet spot demanded by their customers. As a result, Apple makes more $ per designer’s time than competitors.

The expensive branding means that it has to spend far less on tactical marketing and sales.

The expensive components deliver a superior user experience that generates intense loyalty and significantly reduces the retention cost and churn of apple users.

As a result, this focus on spending a lot on very valuable activities means that the actual cost of making Apple products is remarkably low and this is the fundamental reason for Apple’s incredible profitability.

Cost is a strategic goal, not a tactical one in the Apple business model

That’s the secret of Apple’s business model!

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Dengan layanan yang selalu siap membantu, para pemain merasa lebih nyaman dan aman selama bermain.

3. Mudah Diakses dan Ramah Seluler

Seiring meningkatnya popularitas game mobile, sekitar 75% pemain slot kini lebih memilih perangkat mobile untuk bermain. Situs slot terbaik telah dioptimalkan untuk perangkat Android dan iOS, memberikan pengalaman bermain yang lancar dan nyaman di berbagai jenis perangkat.

Penyedia Permainan Slot Online Terbaik

Berikut adalah beberapa penyedia permainan slot terkemuka yang biasanya tersedia di situs slot terpercaya. Masing-masing penyedia ini menawarkan tema dan fitur unik yang membuat pengalaman bermain semakin seru.

1. Pragmatic Play

Penyedia ini terkenal dengan game seperti “Gates of Olympus” yang mengusung tema slot terpercaya mitologi Yunani dengan grafis animasi dan efek suara yang menarik. Setiap kemenangan di Pragmatic Play terasa istimewa dengan adanya fitur jackpot dan multiplier yang menguntungkan.

Pragmatic Play menjadi pilihan utama bagi lebih dari 60% pemain slot karena kualitas visual dan gameplay yang memukau.

2. PG Soft (Pocket Games Soft)

PG Soft menawarkan permainan yang ringan dan tidak memakan banyak memori, menjadikannya ideal untuk dimainkan di perangkat mobile. Game seperti “Lucky Neko” dan “Fortune Ox” memiliki multiplier besar dan tema yang menarik, menjadikannya favorit di kalangan pemain yang menginginkan pengalaman bermain yang mulus tanpa hambatan.

Sekitar 70% pemain memilih PG Soft karena performa game yang lancar dan desain yang menarik.

3. Slot88

Slot88 adalah penyedia permainan yang populer di Indonesia, terutama karena menyediakan taruhan dengan modal kecil namun berpotensi memenangkan jackpot besar. Selain itu, Slot88 menawarkan berbagai acara dan bonus mingguan yang membuat para pemain semakin bersemangat.

Dengan popularitas di atas 45%, Slot88 menjadi pilihan favorit bagi pemain yang ingin mencoba keberuntungan tanpa harus mempertaruhkan banyak modal.

4. Habanero

Jika Anda suka permainan slot bertema klasik dengan fitur sederhana seperti putaran gratis dan simbol scatter, Habanero adalah pilihan yang sempurna. Game dari Habanero membawa nuansa slot tradisional yang memikat, namun tetap menawarkan hadiah yang menggiurkan.

Sekitar 40% pemain setia memilih Habanero karena tema yang sederhana namun menarik, terutama bagi mereka yang suka permainan dengan aturan yang mudah dipahami.

5. Microgaming

Microgaming terkenal sebagai penyedia yang menawarkan variasi permainan slot sekaligus live casino dalam satu platform. Bagi pemain yang kadang ingin mencoba permainan lain selain slot, Microgaming menyediakan banyak pilihan yang menyenangkan.

Lebih dari 55% pemain Microgaming menikmati fleksibilitas dalam bermain, karena mereka bisa berganti-ganti antara slot dan permainan casino tanpa harus berpindah platform.

Fitur Utama di Situs Slot Terpercaya

Memilih situs slot terpercaya dapat memberikan banyak manfaat. Berikut ini beberapa fitur penting yang umumnya tersedia di situs slot terbaik:

1. Antarmuka yang Ramah Pengguna

Situs yang baik dirancang agar mudah diakses dan dinavigasi, dengan kategori permainan yang jelas. Kemudahan akses ini meningkatkan kepuasan pemain hingga 30%, karena mereka bisa menemukan permainan favorit dengan cepat.

2. Bonus dan Promosi yang Menarik

Banyak situs slot terpercaya menawarkan bonus menarik, seperti putaran gratis atau bonus deposit, yang dapat menambah peluang Anda untuk menang. Bonus ini juga menjadi faktor utama bagi sekitar 70% pemain saat memilih situs slot, karena bonus dapat memperpanjang waktu bermain dan meningkatkan peluang kemenangan.

3. Pilihan Pembayaran yang Fleksibel

Situs slot terbaik mendukung berbagai metode pembayaran, mulai dari transfer bank, e-wallet, hingga cryptocurrency, memberikan kemudahan bagi pemain dalam melakukan deposit dan penarikan.

Lebih dari 65% pemain lebih memilih situs yang menawarkan deposit dan penarikan yang cepat tanpa biaya tambahan.

Tips Menang di Permainan Slot Online

Agar dapat memenangkan jackpot dan meningkatkan peluang Anda dalam permainan slot, ada beberapa tips yang bisa diikuti:

1. Pilih Game dengan RTP Tinggi

RTP (Return to Player) adalah persentase pengembalian yang menunjukkan seberapa besar dana slot kemungkinan sebuah game memberikan kemenangan. Pilih game dengan RTP di atas 96%, karena ini berarti Anda memiliki peluang lebih besar untuk menang dalam jangka panjang.

Berdasarkan data, game dengan RTP tinggi meningkatkan jumlah sesi kemenangan hingga 25%.

2. Manfaatkan Free Spin dan Bonus

Selalu manfaatkan free spin dan bonus yang ditawarkan oleh situs slot. Ini adalah cara yang baik untuk menambah saldo Anda tanpa harus mengeluarkan dana tambahan.

Lebih dari 40% pemain yang memenangkan jackpot besar mengaku bahwa bonus dan free spin berperan besar dalam kemenangan mereka.

3. Atur Taruhan dengan Bijak

Jangan tergesa-gesa dalam memasang taruhan besar. Alih-alih, buat taruhan kecil situs slot untuk memperpanjang waktu bermain Anda. Pemain yang mengatur taruhan mereka dengan bijak menikmati sesi bermain yang 50% lebih lama daripada mereka yang bertaruh terlalu besar.

4. Coba Permainan Baru

Beberapa penyedia sering merilis game baru dengan RTP lebih tinggi atau bonus khusus untuk menarik perhatian pemain. Mencoba game baru ini dapat memberikan Anda keunggulan dalam meraih kemenangan.

Sekitar 30% pemain yang mencoba game baru melaporkan kemenangan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan saat bermain di game lama.

Bermain slot online bisa menjadi pengalaman yang seru dan menguntungkan jika Anda memilih situs yang terpercaya dan mengikuti strategi yang tepat. Dengan penyedia game terkemuka, dukungan pelanggan yang siap sedia, serta pilihan bonus yang menarik, situs slot online terpercaya memungkinkan Anda menikmati permainan yang aman dan menyenangkan. Tetaplah bermain dengan bijak, manfaatkan berbagai fitur yang ada, dan nikmati sensasi setiap putaran yang bisa membawa Anda lebih dekat ke jackpot impian!

Bergabung dengan Slot88 berarti membuka kesempatan untuk merasakan pengalaman permainan yang luar biasa. Keuntungan yang bisa didapatkan, baik dari kemenangan maupun promo yang ditawarkan, menjadikan Slot88 pilihan yang sangat tepat bagi siapa saja yang ingin mencoba peruntungan mereka. Dengan kualitas layanan yang prima, berbagai pilihan permainan yang menarik, dan keamanan yang terjamin, Slot88 terus menjadi pilihan utama bagi para penggemar slot online. Jadi, jika Anda ingin merasakan sensasi kemenangan baru yang memikat, segera daftar dan mulai bermain di Slot88, karena kesempatan besar menanti Anda di setiap putaran permainan.

September 13, 2018 By Denis Oakley

What is the Amazon Business Model?

Amazon has an exceptionally powerful business model. In this post, using the business model canvas, I describe the different parts of the Amazon business model and how it all works together to create an e-commerce behemoth.

Customers

Amazon can be described as a two-sided marketplace where buyers and sellers come together. I think that for a variety of reasons it isn’t really one and I’ll explain that in detail later in the article.

Amazon targets the mass-market consumer. With a focus on cost and low margins to drive market share Amazon cannot focus on a narrow niche. It is the everyman, as well as the everything store. However whilst a significant part of the US population, and populations in the other markets it operates in, uses Amazon customers can be segmented on a behavioural basis.

Demographically usage of Amazon broadly mirrors technological adoption trends. Where people are wired and connected they tend to use it more, especially in the bugs cities.

Behaviourally Amazon has increasingly focused on people who are not only comfortable shopping online but also prepared to replace many of their traditional shopping habits with one click one hour delivery satisfaction. These are people who are price-sensitive and time-poor. Typically urbanites.

Value Proposition

Amazon offers its customers a strong value proposition based around 4 key ideas

Price
Convenience
Selection
Fulfillment

Amazon business model canvas — The Amazon Business Model Canvas

Masa Terbaik Setelah Jaddi Member Resmi SBOBET Taruhan Judi Bola SBOBET88 Paling Apik!

Judi bola online kini semakin populer, dan salah satu platform terkemuka untuk taruhan bola adalah SBOBET88. Sebagai anggota resmi SBOBET, para pemain diberikan kesempatan untuk merasakan pengalaman taruhan yang cepat dan efisien. Dengan bergabung menjadi member, Anda tidak hanya mendapatkan akses ke berbagai jenis taruhan menarik, tetapi juga kesempatan untuk meraih kemenangan dengan cara yang menyenangkan dan menguntungkan.

SBOBET88 menyediakan berbagai jenis taruhan yang dapat dipilih oleh para anggotanya. Salah satunya adalah taruhan handicap agenbola.ag di mana para pemain dapat menilai kekuatan dua tim yang bersaing dan membuat prediksi berdasarkan perbedaan kemampuan yang ada. Ini memberikan tantangan tersendiri bagi para pemain, karena mereka harus mempertimbangkan berbagai faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil pertandingan. Selain itu, para pemain juga bisa memilih taruhan jenis mix parlay, yang memungkinkan mereka untuk menggabungkan beberapa taruhan dalam satu slip taruhan. Ini memberikan peluang lebih besar untuk meraih kemenangan, meskipun risikonya pun lebih tinggi. Tidak hanya itu, bagi yang suka bertaruh dalam jumlah besar, ada juga taruhan maxbet yang memungkinkan taruhan dengan nilai yang lebih besar dan potensi kemenangan yang sangat menggiurkan.

1. Mengapa Memilih SBOBET untuk Kebutuhan Taruhan Bola Anda?

SBOBET menonjol di antara banyak platform taruhan bola online lainnya karena reputasinya yang terpercaya, pelayanan pelanggan yang luar biasa, dan sistem pembayaran yang andal. Sejak didirikan pada tahun 2010, kami telah bekerja keras untuk memberikan pengalaman terbaik kepada pengguna kami. Apakah Anda seorang petaruh berpengalaman atau pendatang baru yang ingin memasang taruhan pertama, kami siap membantu Anda dengan berbagai pilihan taruhan, bonus, dan masih banyak lagi.

Fitur Utama SBOBET

Pengalaman Lebih dari Satu Dekade: SBOBET telah melayani komunitas taruhan Indonesia selama lebih dari sepuluh tahun. Pengalaman kami di industri ini memungkinkan kami untuk menghadirkan pengalaman taruhan yang aman, andal, dan menyenangkan bagi semua pemain sbobet.
Transaksi Cepat dan Mudah: Kami memahami bahwa waktu adalah hal yang berharga. Oleh karena itu, proses deposit dan penarikan kami sangat cepat, sederhana, dan aman, memungkinkan Anda untuk fokus pada hal yang paling penting – menikmati pengalaman taruhan Anda.
Pelayanan Pelanggan Terbaik: Tim customer service kami siap membantu Anda 24 jam sehari, 7 hari seminggu. Apakah Anda membutuhkan bantuan untuk registrasi, manajemen akun, atau pertanyaan terkait taruhan, kami selalu siap mendukung Anda.

2. Cara Memulai: Registrasi di Judi Bola

Kami menyambut pemain baru untuk bergabung dengan platform kami. Proses registrasi di judi bola sangat sederhana dan ramah pengguna, memungkinkan Anda untuk memulai taruhan dengan cepat. Sebagai anggota baru, Anda dapat menikmati bonus spesial sebagai tanda penghargaan atas keputusan Anda untuk bergabung. Berikut adalah cara untuk memulai:

Daftar Akun: Kunjungi situs web resmi kami dan lengkapi formulir pendaftaran sbobet88. Pendaftaran sangat mudah, Anda hanya perlu memberikan informasi dasar saja.
Klaim Bonus Selamat Datang: Setelah Anda terdaftar, Anda akan menerima bonus sambutan yang dirancang untuk membantu Anda memulai taruhan pertama Anda. Bonus ini akan memberikan Anda nilai ekstra pada setoran pertama, memberi Anda lebih banyak peluang untuk menang.
Mulai Bertaruh: Setelah pendaftaran, Anda bisa langsung mulai memasang taruhan pada pertandingan bola favorit Anda. Dengan berbagai macam pilihan taruhan yang tersedia, Anda memiliki banyak peluang untuk memenangkan taruhan.

3. Taruhan Bola: Mengapa Sbobet dan Judi Bola Adalah Pilihan Terbaik?

Taruhan bola adalah salah satu bentuk taruhan online yang paling populer, dan judi bola menawarkan pengalaman taruhan bola yang komprehensif dengan Sbobet. Sbobet adalah salah satu nama terkemuka di industri taruhan olahraga online dan dikenal karena menyediakan lingkungan taruhan yang aman dan menyenangkan bagi pemain di seluruh dunia.

Keunggulan Taruhan Bola di Sbobet

Beragam Pilihan Taruhan: SBOBET88 menawarkan berbagai macam pasar taruhan daftar sbobet untuk setiap pertandingan bola. Mulai dari taruhan pemenang pertandingan tradisional hingga pilihan yang lebih canggih seperti over/under, handicap, dan odds Asia, kami memenuhi kebutuhan semua jenis petaruh.
Taruhan Langsung: Nikmati sensasi taruhan langsung dengan Sbobet. Platform kami memungkinkan Anda untuk memasang taruhan pada pertandingan bola yang sedang berlangsung, memberi Anda lebih banyak kegembiraan dan peluang untuk menang.
Odds Tinggi untuk Pembayaran Lebih Besar: Kami menyediakan odds yang kompetitif pada semua acara bola, memastikan Anda bisa memaksimalkan keuntungan dengan setiap taruhan yang Anda pasang. Odds kami termasuk yang terbaik di industri, memberi Anda peluang besar untuk menang.

4. Bonus dan Promosi: Dapatkan Lebih Banyak Nilai untuk Taruhan Anda

Di SBOBET88, kami percaya untuk memberi penghargaan kepada pemain kami atas loyalitas mereka. Baik Anda pemain baru maupun pemain lama, kami menawarkan berbagai bonus dan promosi untuk meningkatkan pengalaman taruhan Anda. Berikut adalah beberapa bonus yang tersedia untuk Anda:

Bonus yang Tersedia di SBOBET88

Bonus Selamat Datang: Sebagai pemain baru, Anda akan menerima bonus sambutan yang sangat menguntungkan untuk deposit pertama Anda. Bonus ini akan memberi Anda dana ekstra, sehingga memudahkan Anda untuk memulai taruhan dengan modal yang lebih besar.
Bonus Reload: Bonus reload dirancang untuk menjaga pemain tetap terlibat dan memberi penghargaan atas loyalitas mereka. Bonus ini tersedia ketika Anda melakukan setoran tambahan ke akun Anda, memberi Anda lebih banyak nilai untuk dana Anda.
Program Referral: Ingin mendapatkan lebih banyak keuntungan dengan mengajak teman? Dengan program referral kami, Anda dapat mengundang teman-teman Anda untuk bergabung dengan SBOBET88 dan mendapatkan hadiah setiap kali referral Anda berhasil.

5. Transaksi Aman dan Cepat: Pengalaman Taruhan yang Lancar

Keamanan dan kemudahan transaksi adalah faktor agen bola penting dalam memastikan pengalaman taruhan yang hebat. Di SBOBET88, kami memprioritaskan keduanya dengan menawarkan metode pembayaran yang aman dan waktu pemrosesan yang cepat untuk deposit dan penarikan.

Metode Pembayaran yang Aman dan Cepat

Penarikan Cepat: Ketika Anda menang, Anda ingin segera menikmati kemenangan Anda. Platform kami menawarkan pemrosesan penarikan yang cepat, sehingga Anda dapat menikmati kemenangan Anda tanpa penundaan yang tidak perlu.
Metode Pembayaran yang Aman: Kami menggunakan teknologi enkripsi canggih untuk memastikan semua transaksi tetap aman. Baik Anda melakukan deposit atau menarik dana, informasi keuangan Anda selalu terlindungi.
Berbagai Pilihan Pembayaran: Di SBOBET88, kami menawarkan berbagai pilihan pembayaran untuk memudahkan proses deposit dan penarikan dana Anda. Dari transfer bank hingga dompet digital, kami menyediakan metode yang sesuai dengan preferensi pemain kami.

6. Sbobet: Nama Terpercaya dalam Taruhan Online

Sebagai bagian dari jaringan Sbobet, SBOBET88 mendapat keuntungan dari reputasi dan keandalan yang telah dibangun oleh Sbobet selama bertahun-tahun. Sbobet adalah salah satu platform taruhan olahraga terkemuka di dunia, yang menawarkan berbagai pilihan taruhan, odds tinggi, dan transaksi yang aman.

Keunggulan Sbobet dalam Taruhan Bola

Terpercaya dan Terlisensi: Sbobet sepenuhnya dilisensikan dan diatur, memastikan bahwa semua taruhan dilakukan dalam lingkungan yang adil dan aman. Tingkat pengaturan ini memberi pemain rasa aman bahwa mereka bertaruh dengan platform yang terpercaya.
Jangkauan Global: Sbobet memiliki kehadiran global, dan platformnya dapat diakses oleh pemain di seluruh dunia. Ini berarti, di mana pun Anda berada, Anda dapat menikmati sensasi taruhan bola dengan Sbobet.
Dipercaya oleh Jutaan Pemain: Dengan jutaan pemain di seluruh dunia, Sbobet adalah salah satu nama paling terpercaya dalam taruhan olahraga online. Basis pemain yang besar merupakan bukti dari keandalan platform ini dan kepuasan pelanggan.

7. Tips Taruhan Bola: Maksimalkan Potensi Kemenangan Anda

Mendukung klub kesayangan Anda adalah salah satu alasan mengapa banyak orang tertarik untuk bergabung dengan SBOBET88. Para pemain dapat bertaruh pada pertandingan bola dari berbagai liga dan kompetisi internasional, mulai dari liga domestik hingga turnamen besar seperti Piala Dunia atau Liga Champions. Ini memberi mereka kesempatan untuk merasakan sensasi bertaruh pada tim yang mereka cintai, sekaligus mendapatkan keuntungan dari hasil taruhan yang mereka pilih. Keberagaman opsi taruhan yang tersedia juga memungkinkan para pemain untuk lebih bebas mengekspresikan dukungannya terhadap tim favorit mereka. Meskipun taruhan bola sebagian besar bergantung pada keberuntungan, ada strategi dan tips yang dapat membantu Anda memaksimalkan peluang kemenangan. Di SBOBET, kami menyediakan sumber daya dan tips yang berguna untuk meningkatkan keterampilan taruhan Anda:

Strategi Taruhan Bola yang Efektif

Pahami Tim dan Pemain: Pengetahuan adalah kekuatan. Sebelum memasang taruhan slot terpercaya luangkan waktu untuk meneliti tim, pemain, dan performa mereka terbaru. Ini akan memberi Anda gambaran yang lebih baik tentang potensi mereka dan meningkatkan peluang Anda untuk membuat taruhan yang sukses.
Taruhan pada Nilai, Bukan Hanya Odds: Meskipun odds tinggi bisa menggoda, sering kali taruhan terbaik adalah yang menawarkan nilai lebih besar. Jangan tergoda hanya karena odds yang besar – pastikan taruhan Anda didasarkan pada analisis yang matang.
Kelola Bankroll Anda: Menjaga manajemen bankroll yang baik sangat penting. Tentukan anggaran untuk taruhan Anda dan patuhi itu. Ini akan membantu Anda bertahan lebih lama dan meminimalkan kerugian jika hasil taruhan tidak sesuai harapan.

Bergabunglah dengan SBOBET Sekarang!

Taruhan judi bola SBOBET88 juga menjadi pilihan yang menarik karena platform ini dikenal memiliki kecepatan transaksi yang sangat baik. Dengan menggunakan sistem yang terintegrasi dengan teknologi canggih, para pemain dapat menikmati pengalaman taruhan yang lebih lancar dan tanpa hambatan. Transaksi deposit maupun penarikan dana dapat dilakukan dengan cepat, sehingga Anda bisa langsung merasakan hasil taruhan tanpa menunggu terlalu lama. Hal ini membuat para pemain merasa nyaman dan lebih percaya diri untuk terus bermain dan mengeksplorasi berbagai jenis taruhan yang tersedia. Selain kenyamanan dalam transaksi, kualitas layanan pelanggan yang diberikan SBOBET88 juga patut diacungi jempol. Dengan tim dukungan yang siap membantu 24 jam, para pemain dapat menghubungi customer service kapan saja jika mereka menghadapi masalah atau membutuhkan informasi lebih lanjut terkait taruhan mereka. Hal ini menunjukkan komitmen SBOBET88 untuk memberikan pengalaman taruhan terbaik bagi setiap anggotanya. SBOBET88 juga sering kali menawarkan promo dan bonus menarik untuk para pemainnya. Dengan adanya bonus ini, para pemain bisa lebih bersemangat dalam bertaruh karena mereka mendapatkan tambahan modal yang dapat meningkatkan peluang kemenangan mereka. Promo-promo ini sangat menguntungkan bagi para pemain baru yang baru pertama kali mencoba judi bola online, karena mereka dapat memulai dengan modal yang lebih besar.

September 13, 2018 By Denis Oakley

What is the Microsoft Business Model

What is Microsoft’s business model? In this video I describe how Microsoft makes money by working through all 9 components of Microsoft’s business model canvas.

Microsoft value proposition — Microsoft home page value proposition focuses on selling its laptop bundled with its software

Microsoft makes money by selling operating systems and office software to millions of consumers. It also sells the same products to major enterprises allowing both sets of customers to use computers cheaply and effectively to do thousands of everyday tasks

That’s the secret of Microsoft’s business model

September 13, 2018 By Denis Oakley

What is the YouTube Business Model?

What is YouTube’s business model? In this video, I describe how YouTube makes money by working through all 9 components of YouTube’s business model canvas.

YouTube makes money by providing a platform for people to upload videos for free and then selling companies advertising to the people watching the videos.

YouTube Value Proposition — The Youtube home page shows it’s value proposition clearly – videos for you to watch. Note that almost 40% of the page is dedicated to advertising – the KEY part of YoutTube’s revenue model

The platform’s success is based on keeping people watching by giving them a constant stream of interesting video which improves the ad targeting which increases the effectiveness of advertisers campaigns.

That’s the secret of YouTube’s business model

September 13, 2018 By Denis Oakley

What is the Facebook Business Model?

What is Facebook’s business model? In this video, I explain what Facebook’s business model is using the business model canvas.

Facebook provides a platform where users can share experiences of value to them.

Facebook Value propostion - connect and share with the people in your life — The Facebook value proposition is clear on its home page. Connect and share with the people in your life

Facebook uses this content to gather data about users and sell the information to advertisers to enable them to sell more to consumers. Facebook takes a commission.

That’s the Facebook business model and it is an extremely valuable one – making it one of the world’s most valuable technology companies